An insight to foreign policy its strategic - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the An insight to foreign policy its strategic. Answer: Introduction This is a study, which will conduct a comparative analysis of soft power and hard power in the UAE. The effectiveness of soft and hard power will depend on the accessibility of the resources in power. Thus, maintaining large military and maintaining good relationships with various other countries is essential for maintaining diplomatic supremacy. Hard power is difficult to obtain for smaller nations but UAE has strong relationship with the United States, which is a significant transformation in UAE foreign policy. However, the government structure of UAE is complex so combing hard and soft power in feasible proportions is essential. Background and problem definition United Arab Emirates political framework includes elements of absolute, presidential and federal monarchy. There are seven monarchies in the United Arab Emirates constitutions. The leader of Abu Dhabi holds the head of state and Presidential post. On the other hand, the leader of Dubai holds the position of Prime minister of the country. Thus, different monarchs rule the seven emirates, which is the main reason for difference in style of diplomacy approach (Lee 2015). It is evident from the fact that Abu Dhabi prefers using hard power as strategic approach whereas Doha has preferred using soft power as their strategic approach. The priorities of their leaders have determined the strategies applied by each of the gulf states. The countries able to incorporate elements of both soft and hard power are known as smart power companies. UAE has formed strong diplomatic relationship with the United States of America after the 9/11 due to the involvement of terrorists from Emirates. UAE has been aggressive in using hard power and assist maintain peace in Afghanistan. However, implementing soft power is essential for the growth of the nation. In the recent years, UAE has been praised for aiding in various international issues and have attempted to portray them as tolerant, progressive and open country. The country has major human rights issues and instead of solving these issues, they are spending generously on foreign matters. Thus, the suppression of local labours, 85% of it are foreign immigrants, have been overlooked (McGeehan 2015). These workers have rights less than the Emirati citizens and highlight the extremely unfair sponsor based employment system. The UAE government has not been able to deal with this illegal process of recruiting foreign labours and confiscation of passports of employees by their employees. Human trafficking and forced labour is a major issue, which has remained unaddressed. This shows that UAE has not been able to maintain the bala nce and implement smart power. Objectives To evaluate the various soft power and hard power strategies in UAE To identify the effective and suitable strategies for gaining diplomatic supremacy To recommend suitable strategies appropriate for gaining diplomatic supremacy Research question What is the impact of soft power in UAE? What is the impact of hard power in UAE? What is the suitable way of unifying UAE? What are the critical factors for gaining diplomatic supremacy in UAE? Literature review Implementation of the soft power and hard power are the key elements for the countries to maintain their diplomatic supremacy in the current global political scenario. This is due to the reason that, with the reduction in the difference between the developed and developing countries, the competition among them is increasing. Thus, it is of urgent need for them to utilize their capability and resources to influence the global politics. However, there are two types of power that can be exercised by the countries namely, soft and hard power. UAE is one of most developed economies in the Middle Eastern regions with having huge reserve of oil and foreign currency. Thus, the resources for their exercise of hard and soft power are also increasing with time. Influence of soft power in global politics According to Pamment (2014), the importance of soft power is rapidly increasing in the current scenario of foreign diplomacy. This is due to the reason that, major countries in the current global scenario are having military might and in the present era of globalization, countries promoting military power will face loss. Thus, they are more promoting their soft power including culture, tourism, heritage and identity to enhance their position in the global market. The authors have stated that, initiation of the soft power have added advantage for the countries due to the fact that, it will enhance the branding of the countries in positive manner. According to Grix and Lee (2013), soft power is mainly practiced by the nations in order to lure the maximum attraction towards them. They have also stated that the elements to be included as the soft power are increasing with time. Some of them are organizing mega sports events, cultural activities and tourism. It helps the countries to enhance their goodwill and reputation in the global scenario. Moreover, the authors have also stated that, soft power will also help in initiating in the hard power. This is due to the reason that, the more soft power will be initiated by the countries; the more will their resources to initiate hard power. Influence of hard power in global politics Hard power is being practices from the ancient time as the mode of diplomacy between the countries. In addition, various major superpowers are practicing in the current situation also. Though, practicing of hard power helps the countries to have benefits in less time compared to practicing soft power but, it creates negative image and foreign relations about the particular country. According to llgen (2016), apart from the soft power, practicing of hard power also helps in enhancing the country position in the global scenario. Moreover, they have also stated that, in the current global scenario, different cartels are present between different countries. Thus, if any particular country is not having any resources for practicing hard power, then it will be difficult for them to align with any alliance or cartels. According to Klare (2015), hard power is not included to only showcasing military strength, but also includes economic power. This is due to the fact that, in the current era of globalization, economical war prevails among the countries. According to the author, globalization increased the dependency of the countries on other. Thus, countries with having more resources are enjoying the upper hand over others. Thus, the bargaining power of these countries is more in the global political scenario. In this case, practicing of soft power is not important or necessary for these countries. Soft power diplomacy by UAE In the recent time, UAE is the forerunner among the Middle Eastern countries in terms of development. Dubai and Abu Dhabi are known as the global business hub. Moreover, their domestic infrastructure can be compared to any western countries. According to Carvalho Pinto (2014), the practice of soft power by UAE helped them to change their global perception from follower to role model. The domestic infrastructure, political stability and favorable economy are being effectively promoted by their government in order to enhance their influence. This helped them to gain the worldwide recognition along with increase in the foreign investment. Thus, according to the author, with the increase in the investment and economy, the influential power of them also got increased. According to Ragab (2017), soft power being practiced by UAE helped them to gain more political influence in the Middle Eastern regions. According to the author, UAE is the united front of seven monarchies including Dubai and Abu Dhabi. They have used the advanced infrastructure of Dubai as their tool of soft diplomacy. In addition, another tool being used by them is the tourism. Dubai stands on the top charts of top destination for the global tourist every year. This helped them to create the positive image in the global scenario. The positive image of them helped to get closer with the leading economies in the world and having more value in the political scenario of Middle East. Hard power diplomacy by UAE Apart from the soft power, UAE also practice hard power in order to maintain their supremacy in the Middle Eastern region. According to Ulrichsen (2016), Middle Eastern region is one of the most disturbed areas with having increased threat of terrorism and conflict with other countries. This, it is important for UAE to maintain their military strengths to safeguard their interest. One of the hard powers being possessed by them is the association with NATO. UAE is the first country in the Middle Eastern region, which have collaboration with NATO. Thus, this helped to have the support of global superpowers such as United States. It helps them to have more value in the international political scenario. According to Hosen (2016), hard power is important for UAE due to the increasing conflict with other countries in the Middle Eastern region. The author have also stated that, with the increase in the collaboration with United States and arms deal with them, the hard power diplomacy is ever increasing. Threats such ISIS is also contributing in enhancing the hard power policy of UAE. Research methodology A research methodology will include fundamental and applied methods. In fundamental research, universal principles, relationships and processes are examined to expand knowledge. In applied research, a particular management problem will be identified and evaluated to identify a specific business problem. The study will consist of fundamental research where the study will analyse the political and social issues to identify the appropriate solution. The study will consist of secondary analysis of data and qualitative analysis will be used. The methodology will identify the research philosophy, research design, sampling, research approach, reliability, validity and sampling. Research philosophies used in social research will consist of realism, interpretivism, positivism, post positivism and pragmatism (Knobe and Nichols 2013). According to Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault (2015), identification of research philosophy may seem to be intense and profound but it follows a definite structure. Positivism is a philosophy, which will observe the overall phenomenon to identify relevant findings in the study. Realism includes critical and direct realism where the personal human sense is either rejected or accepted. Post positivism philosophy will reject all the methods proposed by positivism philosophy. It assumes that there is no difference between day-to-day and scientific approach (OGorman, Lochrie and Watson 2014). Pragmatism takes assumptions made by all the above philosophies to implement multiple research approaches. It is used in mixed methods where quantitative and qualitative analysis of data is included. Interpretivism consists of analysis of small sample s ize and qualitative analysis is conducted. In this study, analysis of secondary data will be executed and consist of qualitative analysis of data so interpretivism has been selected as the research philosophy. There are two types of research approaches, one is deductive approach and other is the inductive approach (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). Deductive approach is used for confirming the theories mentioned in the literature of a study. Inductive approach is will identify new outcomes and no predefined outcomes will be set. Deductive approach will identify the cause of any phenomenon to prove the taken assumptions whereas inductive approach will interpret the meaning of the qualitative data collected in the study. Deductive approach is used for quantitative analysis of data but can be used for qualitative analysis but in most of the occasions, using inductive approach will provide better interpretation of the data collected (Teherani et al. 2015). This is possible, as the approach is not bounded by predefined assumptions. In this currents study, deductive approach has been rejected as no hypothesis will assumed and tested. The study will consist of inductive approach where there will be narra tive description and constant comparison among the collected data to identify the patterns. Data collection method will consist of secondary analysis and will include analysis of articles and peer reviewed journals. The study will analyse case studies and develop themes to provide better analysis of data. Thus, case study analysis and thematic analysis will be the methods of secondary analysis of data (Silverman 2016). The development of different themes will be based on the objectives developed. The qualitative analysis will consist of semi structured, open ended questions and in-depth interviews. In case study analysis similar cases related to the topic will be highlighted, compared and analysed to establish the findings of the study. In thematic analysis, themes will be formed based the objectives and various instances will be analysed to recognise the findings. Continuous comparison is the method of analysing the variables in the study. Sampling is a method of collection the data sample, and in academic researches probabilistic and non-probabilistic sampling will be used. Sampling is used for selecting particular population sample from the whole population. Probabilistic sampling is implemented in large data samples whereas non-probabilistic sampling is used for smaller sample size (Best and Kahn 2016). When there is huge population, then the sample size for the study is randomly selected using probabilistic sampling. There are different methods in probabilistic sampling such as simple random sampling, stratified sampling, systematic sampling and cluster sampling (Palinkas et al. 2015). Probabilistic sampling provides the whole population non-zero chance of participating in the study and randomization is the fundamental doctrine of probabilistic sampling. On the contrary, in non-probabilistic sampling, sample population is selected non-randomly and particular set of population have the opportunity of being selected. Non-probabilistic sampling consists of methods such as convenience sampling, snowball sampling, quota sampling and judgement sampling (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). Non-probabilistic sampling is used to save time and cost which is a huge liability of probabilistic sampling method. It is also used in cases where there is less availability of appropriate data. However, in this study simple random sampling has been used to collect 5 articles and 10 peer reviewed journals which will be analysed based on the objectives and goals set in the study. Reliability and validity is an issue which has to be addressed while conducting a research. In academic and business studies, having high reliability signifies that other researchers will be able to draw the same sets of conclusions in similar research topics (Bryman and Bell 2015). Validity is extremely crucial for obtaining a valid result from the study as it will examine whether all the prescribed methods are followed or not. Ethical consideration is essential for considering business and academic research. The privacy of the sample population should be maintained. However, this study is based on secondary data so no plagiarised content has been used in the study (Creswell and Poth 2017). The data provided in the study is authentic and proper evidence has been provided to confirm these facts. Research plan Main activities/ stages Week1 Week2 Week3 Week4 Week5 Week 6 Topic Selection Data collection from secondary sources Framing layout of the research Literature review Formation of the research Plan Selection of the Appropriate Research Techniques Secondary data collection Analysis Interpretation of Data Collection Conclusion of the Study Formation of Rough Draft Submission of Final Work Table 1: Gantt chart (Source: as created by author) Conclusion The conclusion drawn from the study is that maintaining a balance between hard and soft power is essential in modern world of globalization. The objective of has been formulated and based on that appropriate methods have been selected. The study is likely to provide positive result if reliability and validity is kept high. References Best, J.W. and Kahn, J.V., 2016.Research in education. Pearson Education India. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Carvalho Pinto, V., 2014. 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